From CollegeFootballData’s box score. Names lead to each player’s page. ★ a career high on file.
Team stats
Stanford
Notre Dame
205
Total yards
370
158
Passing yards
241
47
Rushing yards
129
4.4
Yards per pass
5.6
1.5
Yards per rush
4.0
14
First downs
21
5–16
Third downs
6–18
0–1
Fourth downs
1–2
2
Turnovers
2
9–66
Penalties
1–10
30:12
Possession
29:48
Efficiency
Stanford
Notre Dame
31%
Success rate
28%
−0.08
EPA per play
0.00
1.14
Explosiveness
1.78
0.01
Rushing EPA
−0.18
−0.15
Passing EPA
0.12
17%
Passing-down success
34%
−0.27
First-down EPA
−0.34
−0.10
Second-down EPA
0.21
0.43
Third-down EPA
0.10
1%
Havoc by its defense
3%
From CollegeFootballData.com: each offense’s efficiency, and the havoc each defense caused. The better side of each line is bold.
Before kickoff
Our ratings and the line, going in
Our ratings (scores only)
Notre Dame 56% to win. Notre Dame pulled the upset. Elo’s favorite won.
The line
Stanford −2.5, over/under 46.
The last line on file before kickoff: the consensus line when the books publish one, otherwise a single major sportsbook’s.
Every drive
Solid bars scored; an outline in the other team’s color marks points the defense scored. Notre Dame drives left to right, Stanford right to left.
Q1 StanfordFumble, 3 plays, 3 yards
Q1 Notre DameTurnover on downs, 7 plays, 23 yards
Q1 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, −3 yards
Q1 Notre DamePunt, 4 plays, 19 yards
Q1 StanfordInterception, 7 plays, 37 yards
Q1 Notre DameFumble, 1 play, 0 yards
Q1 StanfordTouchdown, 2 plays, 12 yards
Q1 Notre DamePunt, 3 plays, 9 yards
Q1 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, 5 yards
Q1 Notre DameInterception, 5 plays, 62 yards
Q2 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, 2 yards
Q2 Notre DameMissed FG, 7 plays, 14 yards
Q2 StanfordFumble, 11 plays, 51 yards
Q2 Notre DameTouchdown, 6 plays, 62 yards
Q2 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, 8 yards
Q2 Notre DamePunt, 3 plays, 6 yards
Q2 StanfordEnd of half, 2 plays, −4 yards
Q3 Notre DamePunt, 5 plays, 33 yards
Q3 StanfordPunt, 8 plays, 19 yards
Q3 Notre DamePunt, 5 plays, 19 yards
Q3 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, 4 yards
Q3 Notre DamePunt, 7 plays, 22 yards
Q3 StanfordInterception, 3 plays, 3 yards
Q4 Notre DameMissed FG, 7 plays, 19 yards
Q4 StanfordPunt, 3 plays, −2 yards
Q4 Notre DameField goal, 9 plays, 50 yards
Q4 StanfordTouchdown, 9 plays, 58 yards
Q4 Notre DameTouchdown, 9 plays, 65 yards
Q4 StanfordEnd of game, 5 plays, 10 yards
Play by play
1st quarter9 drives, then Stanford 7, Notre Dame 0
Stanford Fumble, 3 plays
15:00
1st & 10 at own 35
Kyle Brindza kickoff for 65 yds for a touchback
14:52
1st & 10 at own 25
Remound Wright run for 2 yds to the Stanf 27
14:12
2nd & 8 at own 27
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Ty Montgomery for 1 yd to the Stanf 28
13:27
3rd & 7 at own 28
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Michael Rector
13:17
4th & 7 at own 28
Ben Rhyne punt for 39 yds , Cody Riggs returns for 1 yd to the NDame 39 Cody Riggs fumbled, forced by James Vaughters, recovered by NDame Cody Riggs STANFORD Penalty, Illegal Formation (-5 Yards) to the NDame 39
Notre Dame Turnover on downs, 7 plays
13:12
1st & 10 at own 39
Everett Golson pass incomplete to William Fuller
13:02
2nd & 10 at own 39
Cam McDaniel run for 3 yds to the NDame 42
12:45
3rd & 7 at own 42
Everett Golson pass complete to Chris Brown for 17 yds to the Stanf 41 for a 1ST down
11:58
1st & 10 at opp 41
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Ben Koyack
11:51
2nd & 10 at opp 41
Cam McDaniel run for 3 yds to the Stanf 38
11:23
3rd & 7 at opp 38
Everett Golson pass incomplete to William Fuller
11:23
4th & 7 at opp 38
Timeout NOTRE DAME, clock 11:23
11:20
4th & 7 at opp 38
Everett Golson pass incomplete to William Fuller
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
11:10
1st & 10 at own 38
Kelsey Young run for 3 yds to the Stanf 41
10:38
2nd & 7 at own 41
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Michael Rector
10:38
3rd & 7 at own 41
STANFORD Penalty, False Start (Austin Hooper) to the Stanf 36
10:38
3rd & 12 at own 36
STANFORD Penalty, False Start (Andrus Peat) to the Stanf 31
10:27
3rd & 17 at own 31
Remound Wright run for 4 yds to the Stanf 35
9:58
4th & 13 at own 35
Ben Rhyne punt for 35 yds, fair catch by Cody Riggs at the NDame 30
Notre Dame Punt, 4 plays
9:50
1st & 10 at own 30
Everett Golson pass complete to C.J. Prosise for 18 yds to the NDame 48 for a 1ST down
9:32
1st & 10 at own 48
Cam McDaniel run for no gain to the NDame 48
9:05
2nd & 10 at own 48
Everett Golson pass complete to Chris Brown for 6 yds to the Stanf 46
8:09
3rd & 4 at opp 46
Everett Golson sacked by Kevin Anderson for a loss of 5 yards to the NDame 49
7:40
4th & 9 at own 49
Kyle Brindza punt for 51 yds for a touchback
Stanford Interception, 7 plays
7:33
1st & 10 at own 20
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Devon Cajuste for 17 yds to the Stanf 37 for a 1ST down
7:05
1st & 10 at own 37
Ty Montgomery run for 5 yds to the Stanf 42
6:32
2nd & 5 at own 42
Ty Montgomery run for 6 yds to the Stanf 48 for a 1ST down
6:06
1st & 10 at own 48
STANFORD Penalty, False Start (Joshua Garnett) to the Stanf 43
5:39
1st & 15 at own 43
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Patrick Skov for 16 yds to the NDame 41 for a 1ST down
5:11
1st & 10 at opp 41
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Francis Owusu, broken up by Max Redfield
4:55
2nd & 10 at opp 41
Kevin Hogan sacked by Cole Luke for a loss of 2 yards to the NDame 43 Kevin Hogan fumbled, forced by Cole Luke, recovered by Stanf
4:41
3rd & 12 at opp 43
Kevin Hogan pass intercepted Cole Luke return for a loss of 3 yards to the NDame 9
4:34
1st & 10 at own 9
Everett Golson run for 3 yds to the NDame 12 Everett Golson fumbled, forced by Ronnie Harris, recovered by Stanf Kyle Olugbode
Stanford Touchdown, 2 plays
4:18
1st & 10 at opp 12
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Ty Montgomery for 2 yds to the NDame 10
3:50
2nd & 8 at opp 10
Kevin Hogan run for 10 yds for a TD, (Jordan Williamson KICK)Stanford 7, Notre Dame 0
Notre Dame Punt, 3 plays
3:50
2nd & 8 at own 35
Jordan Williamson kickoff for 65 yds for a touchback
3:38
1st & 10 at own 25
Everett Golson pass complete to Tarean Folston for 6 yds to the NDame 31
3:02
2nd & 4 at own 31
Greg Bryant run for 2 yds to the NDame 33
2:21
3rd & 2 at own 33
Cam McDaniel run for 1 yd to the NDame 34
1:43
4th & 1 at own 34
Kyle Brindza punt for 38 yds, downed at the Stanf 28
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
1:30
1st & 10 at own 28
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Jeff Trojan for 2 yds to the Stanf 30
0:55
2nd & 8 at own 30
Remound Wright run for 3 yds to the Stanf 33
0:22
3rd & 5 at own 33
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Devon Cajuste
0:16
4th & 5 at own 33
Ben Rhyne punt for 35 yds, fair catch by Cody Riggs at the NDame 32
Notre Dame Interception, 5 plays
0:00
1st & 10 at own 32
Everett Golson pass complete to Chris Brown for 20 yds to the Stanf 48 for a 1ST down
Q2 14:52
1st & 10 at opp 48
C.J. Prosise run for 26 yds to the Stanf 22 for a 1ST down STANFORD Penalty, Personal Foul (Jordan Richards) to the Stanf 11 for a 1ST down
Q2 14:19
1st & 10 at opp 11
Everett Golson pass incomplete
Q2 14:09
2nd & 10 at opp 11
Tarean Folston run for 5 yds to the Stanf 6
Q2 13:28
3rd & 5 at opp 6
Everett Golson pass intercepted Jordan Richards return for no gain to the Stanf 2
2nd quarter7 drives, then Tied at 7
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
13:00
1st & 10 at own 2
Remound Wright run for 1 yd to the Stanf 3
12:37
2nd & 9 at own 3
Remound Wright run for 1 yd to the Stanf 4
11:59
3rd & 8 at own 4
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery
11:49
4th & 8 at own 4
Ben Rhyne punt for 42 yds , Cody Riggs returns for 8 yds to the Stanf 38
Notre Dame Missed FG, 7 plays
11:46
1st & 10 at opp 38
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Chris Brown
11:25
2nd & 10 at opp 38
Greg Bryant run for 5 yds to the Stanf 33
10:50
3rd & 5 at opp 33
Everett Golson pass complete to Ben Koyack for 5 yds to the Stanf 28 for a 1ST down
10:34
1st & 10 at opp 28
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
10:05
2nd & 10 at opp 28
Greg Bryant run for 4 yds to the Stanf 24
9:40
3rd & 6 at opp 24
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
9:36
4th & 6 at opp 24
Kyle Brindza 41 yd FG MISSED
Stanford Fumble, 11 plays
9:23
1st & 10 at own 24
Barry Sanders run for 3 yds to the Stanf 27
8:47
2nd & 7 at own 27
Kevin Hogan run for 9 yds to the Stanf 36 for a 1ST down
8:08
1st & 10 at own 36
Barry Sanders run for 8 yds to the Stanf 44
7:30
2nd & 2 at own 44
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Jeff Trojan for 3 yds to the Stanf 47 for a 1ST down
6:59
1st & 10 at own 47
Ty Montgomery run for 5 yds to the NDame 48
6:22
2nd & 5 at opp 48
Remound Wright run for 2 yds to the NDame 46
5:45
3rd & 3 at opp 46
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Christian McCaffrey for 18 yds to the NDame 28 for a 1ST down
5:12
1st & 10 at opp 28
Kelsey Young run for 3 yds to the NDame 25
4:34
2nd & 7 at opp 25
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery
4:29
3rd & 7 at opp 25
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Devon Cajuste
4:26
4th & 7 at opp 25
TEAM run for a loss of 13 yards to the NDame 38 TEAM fumbled, recovered by Stanf Jordan Williamson
Notre Dame Touchdown, 6 plays
4:26
1st & 10 at own 38
STANFORD Penalty, Defensive Offside (Blake Martinez) to the NDame 43
4:15
1st & 5 at own 43
Tarean Folston run for 7 yds to the 50 yard line for a 1ST down
3:56
1st & 10 at the 50
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Chris Brown
3:48
2nd & 10 at the 50
Everett Golson pass incomplete, broken up by Aziz Shittu
3:25
3rd & 10 at the 50
Everett Golson run for 33 yds to the Stanf 17 for a 1ST down
3:12
1st & 10 at opp 17
Everett Golson pass incomplete to William Fuller
3:06
2nd & 10 at opp 17
Everett Golson pass complete to Chris Brown for 17 yds for a TD, (Kyle Brindza KICK)Tied at 7
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
3:06
2nd & 10 at own 35
Kyle Brindza kickoff for 39 yds , Lee Ward return for 3 yds to the Stanf 29
2:56
1st & 10 at own 29
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Devon Cajuste
2:53
2nd & 10 at own 29
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Austin Hooper
2:39
3rd & 10 at own 29
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Remound Wright for 8 yds to the Stanf 37
2:29
4th & 2 at own 37
Timeout NOTRE DAME, clock 02:29
2:23
4th & 2 at own 37
Ben Rhyne punt for 41 yds, fair catch by Cody Riggs at the NDame 22
Notre Dame Punt, 3 plays
2:18
1st & 10 at own 22
Prosise, C.J. rush for 1 yard to the NOTREDAME23, PENALTY NOTREDAME holding (Brown, Chris) 10 yards to the NOTREDAME12, NO PLAY.
1:53
1st & 20 at own 12
Everett Golson run for 4 yds to the NDame 16
1:17
2nd & 16 at own 16
Cam McDaniel run for no gain to the NDame 16
1:17
3rd & 16 at own 16
Timeout STANFORD, clock 01:17
1:16
3rd & 16 at own 16
Everett Golson pass complete to Torii Hunter Jr. for 12 yds to the NDame 28
1:13
4th & 4 at own 28
Timeout STANFORD, clock 01:13
1:07
4th & 4 at own 28
Kyle Brindza punt for 37 yds, fair catch by Ty Montgomery at the Stanf 35
Stanford End of half, 2 plays
0:52
1st & 10 at own 35
Kevin Hogan sacked by Jaylon Smith for a loss of 9 yards to the Stanf 26
0:00
2nd & 19 at own 26
Remound Wright run for 5 yds to the Stanf 31
3rd quarter6 drives, then Tied at 7
Notre Dame Punt, 5 plays
15:00
1st & 10 at own 35
Jordan Williamson kickoff for 65 yds for a touchback
14:49
1st & 10 at own 25
Tarean Folston run for 2 yds to the NDame 27
14:24
2nd & 8 at own 27
Everett Golson pass complete to Amir Carlisle for 26 yds to the Stanf 47 for a 1ST down
13:49
1st & 10 at opp 47
Greg Bryant run for 4 yds to the Stanf 43
13:19
2nd & 6 at opp 43
Greg Bryant run for 1 yd to the Stanf 42
12:42
3rd & 5 at opp 42
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Chris Brown
12:35
4th & 5 at opp 42
Kyle Brindza punt for 42 yds for a touchback
Stanford Punt, 8 plays
12:20
1st & 10 at own 20
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Devon Cajuste for 9 yds to the Stanf 29
11:54
2nd & 1 at own 29
Kelsey Young run for 5 yds to the Stanf 34 for a 1ST down
11:12
1st & 10 at own 34
Kelsey Young run for no gain to the Stanf 34
10:31
2nd & 10 at own 34
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Ty Montgomery for 5 yds to the Stanf 39
9:53
3rd & 5 at own 39
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Jeff Trojan for 7 yds to the Stanf 46 for a 1ST down
9:21
1st & 10 at own 46
Kevin Hogan sacked by Andrew Trumbetti for a loss of 7 yards to the Stanf 39
8:35
2nd & 17 at own 39
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery
8:32
3rd & 17 at own 39
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery
8:20
4th & 17 at own 39
TEAM punt blocked by Drue Tranquill, recovered at Notre Dame 37 yard line
Notre Dame Punt, 5 plays
8:05
1st & 10 at own 37
Cam McDaniel run for 2 yds to the NDame 39
7:39
2nd & 8 at own 39
Cam McDaniel run for 14 yds to the Stanf 47 for a 1ST down
7:20
1st & 10 at opp 47
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
7:07
2nd & 10 at opp 47
Cam McDaniel run for 5 yds to the Stanf 42
6:43
3rd & 5 at opp 42
Cam McDaniel run for a loss of 2 yards to the Stanf 44
6:05
4th & 7 at opp 44
Kyle Brindza punt for 31 yds, punt out-of-bounds at the Stanf 13
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
5:52
1st & 10 at own 13
Barry Sanders run for 3 yds to the Stanf 16
4:50
2nd & 7 at own 16
Ricky Seale run for 1 yd to the Stanf 17
4:41
3rd & 6 at own 17
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery, broken up by Cole Luke
4:30
4th & 6 at own 17
Ben Rhyne punt for 43 yds , Cody Riggs returns for 1 yd to the NDame 41
Notre Dame Punt, 7 plays
4:18
1st & 10 at own 41
Everett Golson pass complete to Amir Carlisle for 8 yds to the NDame 49
3:55
2nd & 2 at own 49
Cam McDaniel run for 6 yds to the Stanf 45 for a 1ST down
3:09
1st & 10 at opp 45
Cam McDaniel run for 2 yds to the Stanf 43
2:45
2nd & 8 at opp 43
Everett Golson pass complete to William Fuller for 9 yds to the Stanf 34 for a 1ST down
2:06
1st & 10 at opp 34
Everett Golson sacked by Kevin Anderson for a loss of 3 yards to the Stanf 37
1:38
2nd & 13 at opp 37
Cam McDaniel run for no gain to the Stanf 37
1:01
3rd & 13 at opp 37
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
0:52
4th & 13 at opp 37
Kyle Brindza punt for 22 yds, fair catch by Ty Montgomery at the Stanf 15
Stanford Interception, 3 plays
0:45
1st & 10 at own 15
Kelsey Young run for a loss of 1 yard to the Stanf 14
0:00
2nd & 11 at own 14
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Ty Montgomery for 4 yds to the Stanf 18
Q4 14:53
3rd & 7 at own 18
Kevin Hogan pass intercepted Cole Luke return for no gain to the Stanf 29
4th quarter6 drives, then Notre Dame 17, Stanford 14
Notre Dame Missed FG, 7 plays
14:47
1st & 10 at opp 29
Everett Golson pass incomplete to William Fuller
14:41
2nd & 10 at opp 29
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
14:36
3rd & 10 at opp 29
Everett Golson pass complete to Torii Hunter Jr. for 12 yds to the Stanf 17 for a 1ST down
14:17
1st & 10 at opp 17
Cam McDaniel run for 2 yds to the Stanf 15
13:30
2nd & 8 at opp 15
Everett Golson pass complete to C.J. Prosise for a loss of 2 yards to the Stanf 17
12:47
3rd & 10 at opp 17
Everett Golson pass complete to William Fuller for 7 yds to the Stanf 10
12:08
4th & 3 at opp 10
Kyle Brindza 27 yd FG RETURNED , A.J. Tarpley return for 39 yds to the Stanf 44
Stanford Punt, 3 plays
12:05
1st & 10 at own 44
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Ty Montgomery
11:55
2nd & 10 at own 44
Ty Montgomery run for a loss of 2 yards to the Stanf 42
11:19
3rd & 12 at own 42
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Devon Cajuste
11:11
4th & 12 at own 42
Ben Rhyne punt for 36 yds, fair catch by Cody Riggs at the NDame 22
Notre Dame Field goal, 9 plays
10:41
1st & 10 at own 22
Cam McDaniel run for 4 yds to the NDame 26
10:28
2nd & 6 at own 26
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Corey Robinson
10:15
3rd & 6 at own 26
Everett Golson pass complete to Corey Robinson for 13 yds to the NDame 39 for a 1ST down
10:15
1st & 10 at own 39
Timeout STANFORD, clock 10:15
9:55
1st & 10 at own 39
Greg Bryant run for a loss of 2 yards to the NDame 37
9:16
2nd & 12 at opp 37
Everett Golson pass complete to Corey Robinson for 13 yds to the 50 yard line for a 1ST down STANFORD Penalty, Face Mask (15 yards) (Alex Carter) to the Stanf 35 for a 1ST down
Kyle Brindza kickoff for 65 yds , Ty Montgomery return for 42 yds to the Stanf 42
7:22
1st & 10 at own 42
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Devon Cajuste for 12 yds to the NDame 46 for a 1ST down
6:35
1st & 10 at opp 46
Kelsey Young run for 6 yds to the NDame 40
6:04
2nd & 4 at opp 40
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Michael Rector for 5 yds to the NDame 35 for a 1ST down
5:32
1st & 10 at opp 35
Kelsey Young run for 2 yds to the NDame 33
4:53
2nd & 8 at opp 33
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete
4:40
3rd & 8 at opp 33
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Devon Cajuste for 23 yds to the NDame 10 for a 1ST down
4:08
1st & goal at opp 10
Kevin Hogan run for a loss of 1 yard to the NDame 11
3:31
2nd & goal at opp 11
Ty Montgomery run for no gain to the NDame 11
3:04
3rd & 0 at opp 11
Timeout STANFORD, clock 03:04
3:01
3rd & goal at opp 11
Remound Wright run for 11 yds for a TD, (Jordan Williamson KICK)Stanford 14, Notre Dame 10
Notre Dame Touchdown, 9 plays
3:01
3rd & 11 at own 35
Jordan Williamson kickoff for 64 yds
2:55
1st & 10 at own 35
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Corey Robinson
2:38
2nd & 10 at own 35
Everett Golson pass complete to William Fuller for 11 yds to the NDame 46 for a 1ST down
2:30
1st & 10 at own 46
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Amir Carlisle
2:26
2nd & 10 at own 46
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Corey Robinson
2:16
3rd & 10 at own 46
Everett Golson pass complete to Corey Robinson for 17 yds to the Stanf 37 for a 1ST down
1:49
1st & 10 at opp 37
Golson, Everett pass incomplete to Fuller, William, PENALTY STANFORD pass interference (Lyons, Wayne) 15 yards to the STANFORD22, NO PLAY, 1ST DOWN NOTREDAME. for a 1ST down
1:27
1st & 10 at opp 22
Everett Golson pass complete to Corey Robinson for 3 yds to the Stanf 19
1:14
2nd & 7 at opp 19
Everett Golson pass incomplete to Corey Robinson
1:09
3rd & 7 at opp 19
Everett Golson run for a loss of 4 yards to the Stanf 23
1:09
4th & 11 at opp 23
Timeout NOTRE DAME, clock 01:09
1:01
4th & 11 at opp 23
Everett Golson pass complete to Ben Koyack for 23 yds for a TD, (Kyle Brindza KICK)Notre Dame 17, Stanford 14
Stanford End of game, 5 plays
1:01
4th & 11 at own 35
Kyle Brindza kickoff for 65 yds for a touchback
0:54
1st & 10 at own 25
Kevin Hogan pass incomplete to Michael Rector
0:41
2nd & 10 at own 25
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Devon Cajuste for 7 yds to the Stanf 32
0:28
3rd & 3 at own 32
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Jordan Pratt for 6 yds to the Stanf 38 for a 1ST down
0:11
1st & 10 at own 38
Kevin Hogan pass complete to Remound Wright for 13 yds to the NDame 49 for a 1ST down
0:11
1st & 10 at opp 49
Timeout STANFORD, clock 00:11
0:00
1st & 10 at own 49
Kevin Hogan sacked by Elijah Shumate for a loss of 16 yards to the NOTREDAME 35 STANFORD Penalty, Intentional Grounding (Kevin Hogan) to the Stanf 35
Play-by-play from CollegeFootballData.com, as its scorers wrote it. The clock is the time left in the quarter; the spot is from the side of the team with the ball.